Solid particle erosion how is solid particle erosion. Solid particle erosion and erosion corrosion of materials. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979. During flight a particle carries momentum and kinetic energy, which can be dissipated during impact, due to its interaction with a target surface. The particle velocity and the abrasive flow rate were 24 2 ms and 63 0. These coupon tests allow for systematic testing of. The article also details the various test methods used to measure impact velocity of particle and data analysis and interpretation of these four methods. Erosion corrosion is a degradation of material surface due to mechanical action, often by impinging liquid, abrasion by a slurry, particles suspended in fast flowing liquid or gas, bubbles or droplets, cavitation, etc. Article information, pdf download for solid particle erosion of composite.
The schist shows the features of plastic deformation, and a. Bubbles also need to be managed, as large bubbles can travel faster than smaller bubbles in a fluidized bed, which reduces the. Examples of components subjected to solid particle erosion. Solid particle erosion test at high temperature astm g 76 the solid particle erosion spe test system involves repeated impacts of the erodent particles driven by pressurized air striking the surface of the test sample. Solid particle erosion of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings. The effects of flow velocity and sand particle size on the rate of erosion in a typical shellandtube heat exchanger were investigated. Attention was paid to the effects of testing variables e. Astm g76 standard test method for conducting erosion. The average roughness ra in each specimen before testing was 1 m. Pdf solidparticle erosion behavior of highperformance. Optimum coating thickness for the protection of zinc sulphide and germanium substrates from solid particle erosion g.
This test method can be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments. Abstract the goal of this work is to provide an evaluation of the uncertainties in the calculation and measurement of erosion caused by solid particles that are entrained in the produced fluids in the oil and gas industry. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1,2. Unlike the solid particle erosion mechanism for ductile materials, there is wide acceptance of the erosion mechanism for brittle material.
Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models. It is demonstrated that stellite alloys are more resistant to erosion at 90 degree. Astm g standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of protective films. Modeling and numerical analysis of the solid particle erosion. Dec 30, 2011 solid particle sand erosion testing was conducted by the university of dayton research institute to determine the erosion resistance of materials currently used on the leading edges of army aviation rotor blades of aircraft in southwest asia swa.
Distribution of the erosion rate per impacted particle can further demonstrate the particle erosion picture on bend walls. Philosophical magazine, 93 19, 24852496the effect of geometrical shape of eroding absolutely rigid particles on the threshold rate of failure has been studied. Thermoplastic polyurethanecarbon black nanocomposite. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place. Solid particle sand erosion testing was conducted by the university of dayton research institute to determine the erosion resistance of materials currently used on the leading edges of army aviation rotor blades of aircraft in southwest asia swa. Basic theory of particle size analysis by sedimentation. Sem approach is an effective approach to probe the wear mechanism of the composites. Tpu has the mechanical properties of rubber and can be. In this particular case, the eroded surface was completely covered with the erosion debris in the form of flakes or platelets. Introduction the production of sand together with the reservoir fluid has become one of. Solid particle erosion and erosioncorrosion of materials. Erosion wear of cast iron has been eval uated in a pot tester for narrowsized and i11ultisized particulate sandwater slurries.
Save a view settings file containing the massed particle traces used to compute erosion. Solid particle erosion of thermal spray and physical vapour deposition thermal barrier coatings. The abrasive particle used was silicon carbide sic of an. Erosion of schist due to solid particle impingement. The paper first discusses some aspects of the fluid flow conditions which may lead to erosion and then analyses the mechanism of material removal for ductile and brittle materials. Conservation practices are designed to either reduce the wind force at the soil surface or create a soil surface more resistant to wind forces. The effect of various parameters such as impact angle, particle size, velocity and. In this study, solid particle erosion of the entire centrifugal pump for liquid solid flow is investigated numerically. Keywords solid particle erosion, polymer matrix composites, metal. Solid particle erosion of blades 2 93 hiope 3 erosion mechanisms 27 6 solid particle erosion of turbine blades 56 7 reduction of solid particle erosion 72 1 generals for solid particle erosion 2 2 prediction of particle behaviors 19 5 solid particle erosion of valves 48 4 erosion parameters 31. Effect of impacting particle kinetic energy on slurry erosion wear. Pdf evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and. Experimental investigation of solid particle erosion in. A new solid particle erosion model for oriented fiber.
For this reason, it was concluded that at low impact velocities the erosion damage was. The results show that the erosion rate increases as. Im not sure if this will work or if anyone knows a better idea on how to do it. For ductile materials it is possible to predict the manner in which material removal varies with the direction and velocity of the eroding particles. Wiederhorn a11ttbddb nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards january 1979 interimreport4c 100,u56 781575 c. Pdf solid particle erosion of thermal spray and physical. Particle depositions in bends mainly happen on the outer bend walls as shown in figure 1 and previous research results. The az and cz were sprayed with the plasma technik pt2000 system, table 1.
The contribution of the cavendish laboratory to the understanding of solid particle erosion mechanisms s. Ramesh talreja among many useful properties of elastomers, one is their ability to absorb energy by deforming to large strains without fracturing. Solid particle erosion of basalt fiber and glass fiberepoxy composite 33 the worn surface features of the composites were examined using a scanning electron microscope sem. The erosion process is characterized by two failure modes, namely intercrystalline fracture and lateral cracking. The erosion wear resistance of ysz ceramics is worth studying because solid particle erosion is one of the main causes of destroying the materials and apparatuses. Among the various factors, particle size and velocity have been considered to be the most important parameters that cause erosion.
Swri has a long track record of performing erosion research and testing projects. Al7075t6 were used to construct the shell model of helicopter rotor blade to study the solid particle erosion of helicopter rotor blades. Erosion is a leading cause of failure of oil and gas pipelines and fittings in fluid handling industries. The erosion of ductile metals by solid particle impact. Solid particle erosion how is solid particle erosion abbreviated. Material properties for particle and solid surface. Erosion is a wear process, in which surface damage is caused by the repeated application of high localised stresses. Occurrence, prediction and control collects together the work of more than industriallysupported research. Standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid. Solid particle erosion spe is the loss of material that results from repeated impact of solid particles energized in a carrier fluid. One of the most critical wear mechanisms is erosion by particle impact.
Solid particle erosive wear testing mechanical testing. Two slurry test rigs are available for testing coupon samples of sand control screens and a largescale flow loop allow for testing fullsize screen assemblies. Solid particle erosion of various thermoset and thermoplastic polymerbased composites has been investigated 27,28. The overall correlation for the erosion rate has been established empirically 2732. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for oil and gas industry applications h. The power exponent for particle velocity effects is 2. An erosion rig based on that in astm g7695 was used to conduct the tests. The samples had a rectangular shape with dimensions of 50 x 25 mm2 and 3 mm in thickness. Solid particle erosion and erosion corrosion of materials levy, alan on. Evaluation of solid particle erosion equations and models for. Erosion can be defined as the mechanical loss of material by the impact of solid particles e.
Solid particle erosion1 friction, lubrication, and. Many conservation practices can be implemented to control wind erosion. I manage to simulate the air flow and include a particle study, however i have a bit of a problem. Among them, thermoplastic polyurethane tpu, a segmented copolymer characterized by a sequence of hard and soft blocks, has attracted signi. Particle transport model ansys customer portal login. It has been suggested that in brittle material, erosion is due to crack formation srinivasan and scattergood, 1988, sundararajan, 1991, kleis and kulu, 2008. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials. The amount of material lost is computed using different erosion models.
In respect to the effect of the erodent particle shape on solid particle erosion, hutchings. Morphology and solid particle erosion wear behavior of red. Experimental evaluation of erosion of gunmetal under asymmetrical shaped sand particle. Effect of impacting particle kinetic energy on slurry. When a particle hits a brittle surface, it creates lateral and radial cracks. Solid particle erosion, spe, is a wear process where particles strike against surfaces and promote material loss. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments 1, 2. Different models have been proposed that allow estimations of the stresses that a moving particle will impose on a target 11. Effect of liquid and gas velocities on magnitude and. Erosion of surfaces by solid particles sciencedirect. Practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid. Standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle impingement using gas jets.
High pressure liquid withwithout solid particle impingement erosion test. Solids losses can result in significant operating costs, especially when the solid particles are an expensive catalyst. A predictive equation that can be applied to a variety of types of material and impact conditions is difficult. Fluidized beds are prone to erosion and particle attrition caused by the moving particles. Experimental investigation and analytical modeling of. Examples of fluid flows involving particulates that are best modeled using the particle transport model, include watersand mixtures in which erosion is of interest, water spray into an air stream, oil droplet injection in a combustion chamber and coal particulates burning in an air mixture. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of. Many researchers has observed that during the impact the target can be locally scratched. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials 65 ground using sic emery paper grade 1200.
Threshold fracture energy in solid particle erosion. Particle sand erosion testing of rotor blade protective materials. User inputs drive the udf and journal file in the background multiple erosion models to choose. Solid particle erosion tests have been conducted on three different aluminabased refractories at elevated temperatures up to 1400 c, using sharp sic particles between 325 and 830 m in diameter. Erosion case study by computational fluid dynamics cfd. Simulating erosion using ansys computational fluid dynamics vedanth srinivasan, ph. Different approaches have been used to control or minimize damage caused by erosion in particulated gas solid or liquid solid flows. Modeling and simulation of solid particle erosion of. Testing on ferrous and nonferrous materials has been widely carried out to study their erosion resistance. Review processes and influencing parameters of the solid particle. Aluminum has been chosen for target material as representative of ductile material. On the other hand, diffusion treatment technology applied to get high resistance effect against solid particle erosion.
After creating an erosion view, save a summary image. Pdf the present investigation reports about, the solid particle erosion behaviour of randomly oriented short eglass, carbon fibre and solid. We have a wellestablished sand control screen erosion program that originated in the late 1990s. I am thinking possibly something to do with flow simulation, using air as the working fluid and doing a particle study with timber. Solid particle erosion1 friction, lubrication, and wear. Erosion in longradius elbows and straight pipes due to limitations of the applicability of api rp 14e in the presence of sand, the erosion corrosion research center ecrc has developed models to predict the penetration in fittings resulting from sand erosion. High pressure liquid withwithout solid particle impingement. Solid particle erosion behavior of nicral2o3zro2 8y. Solid particle erosion test at high temperature nova swiss. Solid particle erosion on different metallic materials intechopen. Simulating erosion using ansys computational fluid dynamics. Mar 28, 2014 the study is on the erosion rate of an abrasive particle air jet like a water jet cutter but with air the model is in an attachment. Correlative equations between impact parameters and erosion damage caused by solid particle impact have been proposed by many investigators,, but the development of a practical, predictive equation for the actual degradation of materials has not yet been achieved.
Aug 11, 2012 the erosion of schist due to impinging quartz and glass particles is investigated. Solid particle erosion testing of helicopter rotor blade. In this paper, 8ysz ceramics reinforced by nicr alloy and al2o3 particles were pressureless sintered at an optimized sintering condition. The experimental setup used to perform the erosion tests is briefly described. Effect of bend radius on magnitude and location of erosion in. Solid particle erosion can cause serious damage to equipment in many industrial environments such as to oil and gas pipelines and subsea components, steam. Solid particle erosion test at high temperature astm g 76.
The particle tracing for fluid flow interface is used to compute the erosion of a pipe bend. Nbs publications nbsir781575 erosionbysolidparticle impact a. Solidparticle erosion behavior of stellite alloys by. The relationship between these parameters is shown in eq. Is there any way to model abrasion erosion on the clearing plates due to the flow of the wood in air. Experimental investigation and analytical modeling of solidparticle. Sediment erosion model the sediment erosion over the wall surface produced by the solid particle is modeled as a function of the particle property and velocity, as. When a fluid containing erosive particles flows through two or more elbows mounted in series with short distances between them, the downstream elbows which are installed after the first elbow are exposed to erosion from a flow that is not fully developed, and therefore, the characteristics of erosive wear in the second elbow can be different than the first. Two particle impact velocities 84 ms and 98 ms and two impingement angles 30 degree and 90 degree are used in the test. Detailed erosion magnitude and locations can be interpreted. The impact speed is 50ms and the impact angle is varied between 30 and 90. Erosion prediction in centrifugal pump is complex because the flow field inside it is threedimensional 3d unsteady and erosion can be affected by numerous factors. Time dependence of solidparticle impingement erosion of an. Warp practical estimation of erosion damage caused by solid.
In case of longterm continuous operation, 1st stage nozzle may experience solid particle erosion due to scales from inlet steam piping. Wiederhorn nationalmeasurementlaboratory centerformaterialsscience nationalbureauofstandards. Solid particle erosion is a mechanical process that removes material by the impact of solid particles entrained in the flow. Effects of particle size and size distribution on estimating. The at3 parts were produced by water stabilized plasma, using a wsp pal 160 system institute of plasma physics czech republic. Tabakoff university of cincinnati, cincinnati, ohio 45221 and r.
Basic theory of particle size analysis by sedimentation sedimentation of particles in a fluid has long been used to characterise particle size distribution. Stokes law1 is used to determine an unknown distribution of spherical particle sizes by measuring. Pdf study of solid particle erosion on helicopter rotor. Solid particle erosion of blades 2 93 hiope 3 erosion mechanisms 27 6 solid particle erosion of turbine blades 56 7 reduction of solid particle erosion 72 1 generals for solid particle erosion 2 2 prediction of particle behaviors 19 5 solid particle erosion of valves 48 4 erosion. A workshop on erosion by solid particles focused attention on the status of applicable testing technologies. The alumina particles had a particle size between 300 and 400.
Particle tracing for fluid flow interface is used to compute the erosion of a pipe bend. In order to select high erosion resistant materials or to estimate erosion damage caused by solid particle impact in actual cases, it is very important to take the mechanical properties of a material into account. Numerical study of solid particle erosion in a centrifugal. Pdf solidparticle erosion tests were carried out to study the effect of matrix material, impact angle, and impact velocity on the erosion behavior of. Effect of particle size on erosion characteristics request pdf. Application of diffusion treatment against solid particle erosion. Pdf solidparticle erosion in the tube end of the tube. Erosion is one of the major problems in many industrial processes, and in particular, in heat exchangers. Solid particle erosion is a micromechanical process that is influenced by flow geometry, material of the impacting surface, impact angle, particle size and shape, particle velocity, flow condition and fluid properties. Solid particle erosion spe is a wear process where particles strike against surfaces and promote material loss.